Dual indicator attachment for phototypographical machines



Dec. 28, 1965 H. FINGERLOS 3,225,017

DUAL INDICATOR ATTACHMENT FOR PHOTOTYPOGRAPHICAL MACHINES Filed July 15,1963 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 POINT SIZE POINT 5 99 FILM FILM N E ADVANCE 2 I IIE 22 1:! c4] 2.?

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ERNEST H. Fmqanos Dec. 28, 1965 H. FINGERLOS DUAL INDICATOR ATTACHMENTFOR PHOTOTYPOGRAPHICAL MACHINES Filed July 15, 1963 2 Sheets-Sheet 2EVER FRESH FROZEN PEAS KEYBOARD APPARATUS i T KEYBOARD Saw-me, MEcH.

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INVENTOR. %EST H. FIN skLos BY Z United States Patent 3,226,017 DUALINDICATOR ATTACHMENT FUR PHOTOTYPOGRAPHKCAL MACHINES Ernest H.Fingerlos, San Rafael, Calif., assignor to Eltra Corporation, acorporation of New York Filed July 15, 1963, Ser. No. 295,139 2 Claims.(Cl. 234-5) This invention relates to phototypographical machinesespecially those in which a line of text material is composed at akeyboard. More particularly the invention relates to apparatus whichfacilitates the keyboarding of certain specialized composition such asfood store advertisernents.

The apparatus of the present invention may be used to advantage in akeyboard machine of the type disclosed in United States Patents Nos.2,848,049 and 3,056,545, wherein various means are provided for thekeyboard op erator to control the line length of a justified line, thepoint size of the image to be photographed and the amount of filmadvance as between successive lines of type. Once these controls areeffected by the setting of appropriate dials, a record button isdepressed and the point size and film advance information is recorded ona perforated control tape. When this information is decoded in thephotographic unit of the system, the optical components of the unit areautomatically set to provide the proper point size of the recordedcharacter images and thefilm magazine is automatically set to providethe right amount of film advance for successive lines of characterimages. The line length setting is effective within the keyboard unit tocontrol the extent of line composition and to enable the computation ofjustification, quad right and centering information, which informationis coded on the control tape for each composed line.

In normal text composition the line length, point size and film advancesettings are made and the keyboard operator then proceeds to compose thetext material without further reference to the various setting dials.However, when composing food store advertisements, for example, it isnecessary for the operator to continually change the setting dials. Thisrequirement stems from the fact that an advertised item in food storeadvertisements quite often contains type of three different point sizesarranged in juxtaposition. Thus it has been necessary for the operatorto set the dials, compose one or two words, reset the dials, compose oneor two more words, reset the dials, and compose one or two more words,all to obtain a single food store advertisement. The next advertisementwould involve the same procedure with the dials again being reset in thesame sequence. Thus, it is clear that in such type work a considerableamount of time and energy is spent in a repetitive non-productiveeffort.

It is to obviate such effort that the apparatus embodying the presentinvention is provided.

In carrying out the invention there is provided a plurality of groups ofsetting dials, each group comprising a line length dial, a point sizedial, and a film advance dial, and a selector switch for switching agroup of dials into operative relationship with the remainder of thekeyboard apparatus. In use, the operator will set one group of dials toaccord with the line length, point size and film advance for one groupof type characters in the advertisement, the second group of dials toaccord with the line length, point size and film advance for the secondgroup of characters in the advertisement and the third group of dials toaccord with the line length, point size and film advance for the thirdgroup of characters in the advertisement. Then, it is not necessary forthe operator to reset dials before composing each group of charactersbut only to actuate the selector switch to bring the appropriate pre-setgroup of dials into operation.

Features and advantages of this invention will be gained from theforegoing and from the description of a preferred embodiment thereofwhich follows.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of an auxiliary panel comprising twogroups of setting mechanisms according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a typical food store advertisement that is composed on akeyboard embodying the present invent1on;

FIG. 3a is an enlarged view of one entry in the food storeadvertisement;

FIG. 3b is a view illustrating the first step in the composition of theadvertisement;

FIG. 30 is a view illustrating the second step in the composition of theadvertisement;

FIG. 3d is a view illustrating the third step in the composition of theadvertisement; and

FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram illustrating the incorporation ofthe groups of setting mechanisms into the keyboard apparatus.

Referring to the drawings, FIG. 1 shows an auxiliary panel 10 that isadapted to be placed atop the keyboard shown in FIG. 1 of US. Patent No.3,056,545. The panel comprises a plurality of dials for setting thekeyboard apparatus in accordance with a selected point size, filmadvance and justified line length.

When the point size dial and the film advance dial are set, the settingsdo not directly affect the operation of the keyboard unit but ratherwhen a record button is depressed, the information corresponding to thedial settings is recorded on the perforated control tape. The controltape then can control certain components of the photographic unit toinsure that character images are photographed in the proper point sizeand that the film is advanced the proper distance between lines. In asingle unit machine where the keyboard and the photographic units areintegral the dial settings will directly control the appropriate machinecomponents. In any event, the point size and film advance determinationsmust be made by the keyboard operator and set into the mechanism beforethe beginning of keyboard composition of text material. Also, thesefactors may be changed from time to time in the course of composition.

The line length setting dial will set the keyboard apparatus for aselected justified line length. In the keyboard apparatus disclosed inthe aforementioned patent, the line length is set in ems andunits-of-an-em and so will be determined by the absolute line lengthmeasured in picas and points and the point size in which the charactersare to be imaged on the film. By way of example, if the absolute linelength is 11 /2 picas (11 picas 6 points) and the point size is 8points, and the line length in ems and units will be 17 ems and 5 units.For the same absolute line length, but for a point size of 10 points,the line length will be 13 ems and 14 units, there being in all cases 18units to an em.

The information represented by the line length setting is directlyusable in the keyboard apparatus since it conditions the line lengthvisual indicator mechanism and the computer mechanism which determinesthe justification answer for each composed line. The computer mechanismalso provides a quad right answer and a centering answer when required,all in accordance with the teachings of the aforementioned patent.Consequently, there is no need to reiterate the description with regardto the particular mechanisms employed to perform these functions.

Turning now to the present invention, attention will be directed to FIG.2 which shows a typical food store advertisement. Each advertised itemwill be seen to comprise composition of three different point sizes. Forexample, in the first item shown ever fresh frozen, ozs., and pkgs, areof one point size, peas is of a second point size, and 2 and 25 are of athird point size.

Referring again to the advertisement for peas, FIGS. 3a to 3d illustratehow the advertisement is composed at the keyboard. In the first place,the smaller point size items are composed first as in FIG. 36. The firstline ever fresh frozen is keyboarded and quadded left. The film isadvanced and the second line 10 ozs. is keyboarded and centered. Thefilm is again advanced and the third line pkgs. is keyboarded andcentered. The next larger point size words are next keyboarded. Thus,peas will be keyboarded and quadded left. Lastly, 2, several quad spaces(as determined by the operator), and 25 are keyboarded and quaddedright. Heretofore, before keyboarding the text material of a point sizeit was incumbent on the operator to reset the various dials. Thus it isclear that in a single advertisement such as the one just described, theoperator will generally spend more time in setting dials than incomposing the advertising material. Also, it should be kept in mind thatWhat was described is a single advertisement and a full page layoutcomprises a good many individual advertisements.

The invention will be described in operational detail with respect tothe above mentioned advertisement using actual sizes. It will be assumedthat the advertisement is 30 picas in length and that it will becomposed in 8, 18 and 24 point type.

The operator will in the first instance keyboard the information 10 ozs.without recording the information. This is done to determine the widthof this type. It will be assumed to be 2 picas in width. The operatorthen determines the distance of the center of this type from the lefthand margin. This will be approximately 24 picas. Thereupon the operatorsets the first group of dials as follows. The point size dial 111 is setfor 8 points. The film advance dials 12 and 13 are set for 8 points filmadvance and the line length dials are set for 2 times 24 picas or 48picas for a reason that will hereinafter be apparent. The 48 picasconverts at 8 points to 72 ems 0 units. Thus dial 14 is set to 7; dial15 is set to 2; and dial 16 is set to 0.

The second group of dials (those located on the keyboard and not shown)which are identical to those just described, will be set as follows. Thepoint size dial will be set to 18 points, the film advance dials to 2points, and the line length dials to 30 picas or at 18 points, 20 ems.

The third group of dials will be set as follows. The point size dial 21will be set to 24 points, the film advance dials 22 and 23 to 4 pointsand the line length dials 24, 25 and 26 to 30 picas, or at 24 points, 15ems.

The conversions from picas to ems and units for various point sizes areavailable from a chart that is furnished with each keyboard apparatus.Also, the appropriate film advances for various combinations of pointsizes that may be mixed for food store advertisements have beenpredetermined and are available to operators.

Having thus arranged the various dial settings, the operator is ready tobegin composition of the advertisements. Selector switch 30 is turned topoint to left unit which has been set for 8 point composition. Thenrecord button 31 is depressed on the information set by the point sizedial 11 and the film advance dials 12 and 13 is recorded on theperforated control tape. The computer mechanism within the keyboardmechanism is set for a line length of 72 ems in accordance with thesetting of dials 14, 15 and 16.

The operator then keyboards the text ever fresh frozen and presses thequad left button (not shown) on the keyboard apparauts. This completesone line. He then keyboards 10 ozs. and presses the center button (notshown) but also on the keyboard apparatus. He then keyboards the textpkgs. and again presses the center button. When the information is thuscoded on the perforated tape, the characters will be imaged in thephotographic unit as shown in FIG. 3b.

The operator then flicks the selector switch 30 to the vertical positionas shown and depresses record button 31. Immediately the point sizeinformation and the film advance information set in the second group ofdials is recorded on the control tape and the computer mechanism of thekeyboard apparatus is set for a line length of 20 ems. The operatorkeyboards the word peas and presses the quad left button. In this waythe text shown in FIG. 30 is photographed in the photographic unit ofthe system.

The operator then flicks the selector switch 30 to point to right unitwhich represents the settings for the 24 point text material. Hedepresses the record button 31 and the point size information 24 iscoded on the control tape as is the film advance information 4. Thecomputer mechanism is reset for a line length of 15 ems. The operatorthen keyboards the number 2, approximately 3 picas or 1 /2 ems of quadspaces, 25, and depresses the quad right button (not shown) provided onthe keyboard apparatus. This results in the text shown in FIG. 3d beingproduced in the photographic unit.

The operator then returns the selector switch 30 to left unit anddepresses the record button 31 to again code the point size and filmadvance information set by that group of dials in the control tape. Hethen keyboards Millers and depresses the quad left button. He thenkeyboards the word for and depresses the center button. Since there isno third line of the small point size, he will keyboard a quad space anddepress the quad left button to get the proper film advance. He thenflicks the selector switch 30 to the vertical position, depresses therecord button 31 to record on the tape the point size and film advanceinformation for the next text material. He then keyboards canned milkand depresses the quad left button. The selector switch 30 is thenpointed to right unit and the information represented by those dials isrecorded. The operator then keyboards 2, approximately 3 picas or 1 /2ems of quad spaces and 27, and depresses the quad right button.

The process is continued for the remainder of the advertisements. It isthus clear that'complicated advertising matter can be set very readilymerely by flicking a switch that selectively brings into operationvarious groups of pre-set dials, thus obviating the need to re-set asingle group of dials before composing text material of a differentpoint size and on different line measures.

FIG. 4 schematically illustrates that three complete separate sets ofdials, each of which accords with the corresponding dials shown in theaforementioned patents, are provided and that they are selectivelyconnected to the keyboard apparatus as selector switch 30 is actuated.

Having thus disclosed my invention, many different modes of use andapplication will suggest themselves to those skilled in the art and manychanges and apparently different embodiments can be made withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, it isintended that what is shown and described be interpreted as illustrativerather than in a limiting sense.

What is claimed is:

1. In or for a keyboard machine which controls the operation of aphototypographical composing machine, said machine having ajustification computing mechanism and a group of machine controlsincluding means for setting said justification mechanism to accord witha selected justified line length, film advance setting means and pointsize setting means, the improvement which comprises, in combinationtherewith, a second group of machine controls including second means forsetting said justification computing mechanism to accord with a selectedjustified line length, second film advance setting means, and secondpoint size setting means, means for operatively connecting in thekeyboard machine one of the groups of machine controls, and manuallyoperable means for causing signals representative of the settings of theoperatively connected film advance setting means and the point sizesetting means to be stored in a memory.

2. In or for a keyboard machine which Controls the operation of aphototypographical composing machine, said machine having ajustification computing mechanism and a group of machine controlsincluding means for setting said justification mechanism to accord witha selected justified line length, film advance setting means, and pointsize setting means, the improvement which comprises, in combinationtherewith, a plurality of groups of machine controls, each groupincluding additional means for setting said justification computingmechanism to accord with a selected justified line length, addition filmad- References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,056,54510/1962 Donahue et al. 234-4 3,083,897 4/1963 Vierling et al 234-53,106,336 10/1963 Dirks 234-5 WILLIAM W. DYER, JR., Primary Examiner.

WILLIAM S. LAWSON, Examiner.

1. IN OR FOR A KEYBOARD MACHINE WHICH CONTROLS THE OPERATION OF APHOTOTYPOGRAPHICAL COMPOSING MACHINE, SAID MACHINE HAVING AJUSTIFICATION COMPUTING MECHANISM AND A GROUP OF MACHINE CONTROLSINCLUDING MEANS FOR SETTING SAID JUSTIFICATION MECHANISM TO ACCORD WITHA SELECTED JUSTIFIED LINE LENGTH, FILM ADVANCE SETTING MANS AND POINTSIZE SETTING MEANS, THE IMPROVEMENT WHICH COMPRISES, IN COMBINATIONTHEREWITH, A SECOND GROUP OF MACHINE CONTROLS INCLUDING SECOND MEANS FORSETTING SAID JUSTIFICATION COMPUTING MECHANISM TO ACCORD WITH A SELECTEDJUSTIFIED LINE LENGTH, SECOND FILM ADVANCE SETTING MEANS, AND SECONDPOINT SIZE SETTING MEANMS, MEANS FOR OPERATIVELY CONNECTING IN THEKEYBOARD MACHINE ONE OF THE GROUPS OF MACHINE CONTROLS, AND MANUALLYOPERABLE MEANS FOR CAUSING SIGNALS REPRESENTATIVE OF THE SETTINGS OF THEOPERATIVELY CONNECTED FILM ADVANCE SETTING MEANS AND THE POINT SIZESETTING MEANS TO BE STORED IN A MEMORY.